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Scrap iron and steel as raw material, referred to as induction furnaces melting induction furnace steelmaking, induction furnace steelmaking costs, cost per ton EAF 112 US dollars; frequency induction furnace 82 US dollars cost per tonne of scrap recovery medium frequency induction furnace used. , about 98% ~ 99%. High-quality scrap steel through medium frequency induction furnace steelmaking , continuous casting is an economic production path , saving energy, light pollution, high scrap recycling rate, low cost, low investment.
Typical medium frequency induction melting furnace steelmaking site and workshop layout.
Induction furnace steelmaking is also a method of steelmaking. The method is based on the electromagnetic field and the induction heat generated by the furnace material to melt the charge. The induction furnace is only a melting device for itself, which can melt steel or other metal materials. For example, ferroalloys, etc., are also melting equipment for casting steel castings in small foundries (ironing iron for cast iron castings, induction furnace for steel castings).
Steelmaking with medium frequency melting furnace . Some steelmaking steel is poured into the mold on the ground , called the ground steel ; in some cast steel ingot molds, there is no riser called open ingot , there is a riser called steel ingot ; some cast continuous casting machine tundish In the middle , the billet is pulled out to be called a continuous casting billet.
Note: The picture shows a complete photo of the induction furnace, the hob and the tilting mechanism. The copper tube around the outside of the furnace can be seen (intermediate water cooling). After the copper tube is energized, it generates electromagnetic induction heat with the scrap steel in the furnace to melt the scrap steel.
First, the main technical parameters of induction furnace steelmaking
unit | GW0.15-100/2.5 | GW0.25-160/1 | GW0.5-250/1 | GW1-500/1 | GW1.5-750/1 | GW3-1500/1 | GW5-2000/0.5 | GW10-6000/0.5 | |
capacity | T | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.5 | 1 | 1.5 | 3 | 5 | 10 |
Rated temperature | °C | 1600 | 1600 | 1600 | 1600 | 1600 | 1600 | 1600 | 1600 |
IF power | Kw | 100 | 160 | 250 | 500 | 750 | 1500 | 2000 | 6000 |
IF voltage | V | 750 | 750 | 1500 | 1300 | 1300 | 2000 | 2500 | 2500 |
IF frequency | KHz | 2.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Power consumption | Kwh/t | 830 | 820 | 800 | 789 | 650 | 640 | 585 | 520 |
Flip type | mechanical | mechanical | Hydraulic | Hydraulic | Hydraulic | Hydraulic | Hydraulic | Hydraulic |
Second, the reason why induction furnace steelmaking has a certain development:
1, a simple induction furnace steelmaking plants. Compared with the electric arc furnace, the medium frequency induction melting furnace itself does not require large furnace transformation equipment, does not require large furnace mechanical equipment (such as hydraulic pressure, rotating mechanism, etc.), and does not require a huge water cooling system, so its single equipment investment It is relatively low and its equipment is simple and easy to grasp.
2 , because induction furnace steelmaking only has the function of steel, there is no oxygen blowing process in steelmaking, so do not need large equipment such as oxygen generators, which can also save investment.
3. Because induction furnace steelmaking is small in size and low in height, its plant is also much lower than other steelmaking plants. Therefore, its cost is lower than that of other types of steelmaking plants.
4. In addition, the medium-frequency induction melting furnace has small capacity and is also more flexible and flexible in production arrangement, especially suitable for small single-piece casting production.
5. In addition, the power frequency furnace and its related process technology are low-level and easy to grasp in the short term.
6. In the lowest-end products with low market requirements, the overall cost of medium-frequency induction melting furnace is lower than other steelmaking methods. Therefore, the medium frequency induction melting furnace has a small one-time investment under certain conditions, short construction time, quick effect in the short term, flexibility, and capacity control.
Third, what are the advantages of induction furnace steelmaking ?
( 1 ) Quality control of molten steel: Through the corresponding measures such as controlling raw materials, assisting oxygen blowing and carbon spraying, the induction furnace process can also smelt qualified molten steel, which has been confirmed by machinery manufacturing and special steel enterprises ;
( 2 ) Comprehensive energy consumption per ton of steel: The comprehensive energy consumption of induction furnace steelmaking is basically the same as that of conventional electric furnaces;
( 3 ) Environmental protection emissions: Induction furnace steelmaking process is stable, less smoke, low noise
( 4 ) Production cost: the metal yield of the induction furnace is high (no oxygen blowing), especially when smelting alloy steel, the cost saving is significant;
Fourth, the melting of steel by intermediate frequency melting furnace is the advantage of induction furnace steelmaking
In low carbon containing steel melting; and no arc furnace and less gas content in the liquid steel; lines of magnetic force of the primary coil with a stirring effect on the molten steel, the liquid steel uniform chemical composition; slag interface to accelerate the reaction, a non-metallic Inclusion floating up ; less loss of alloying elements ; high electrical efficiency ; simple operation ; furnace temperature can be accurately controlled . The raw materials used in induction furnaces are strict , steel materials can not have rust and a large amount of non-metallic impurities , sulfur, phosphorus and harmful metal elements are low .Pa can be melted at a temperature sufficient to make a new slag or slag should be noted that: a basic material rammed lining is to be made basic slag, molten steel to exclude sulfur, phosphorus and other impurities.
What are the characteristics of induction furnace steelmaking ?
Induction furnace steelmaking is not called steelmaking. It is to melt steel. The impurities in the steel cannot be removed. This is a disadvantage. The advantage is that some elements in the original steel are not lost, which can reduce the amount of precious elements added and reduce costs.
Steelmaking is the process of getting the pig iron into a steelmaking furnace and melting it according to a certain process. According to the survey online, steel products include steel ingots, continuous casting billets and direct casting into various steel castings. Generally speaking, steel generally refers to steel that is rolled into various steel materials. Steel is a ferrous metal but steel is not exactly equal to ferrous.
Fifth, the main points of medium frequency melting furnace steelmaking
1 , the task of steelmaking
The main raw materials for smelting are scrap steel and a part of pig iron. The purchased scrap has more rust, muddy sand and other dirt, and the content of sulfur and phosphorus in the steel is also high. The task of steelmaking is to smelt the raw materials of the above conditions into high-quality molten steel with low gas content, high inclusion content, qualified composition and temperature. Specifically, the basic tasks of steelmaking are:
( 1 ) melting solid charge (cast iron, scrap, etc.);
( 2 ) making the elements such as silicon, manganese and carbon in the molten steel reach the specification components;
( 3 ) removing harmful elements such as sulfur and phosphorus and reducing their content below the specified limit;
( 4 ) removing gas and non-metallic inclusions in the molten steel to make the molten steel pure;
( 5 ) adding alloying elements (melting alloy steel) to meet the requirements;
( 6 ) The molten steel is superheated to a certain temperature to ensure the need for pouring;
( 7 ) In order to increase production and reduce costs, it is necessary to rapidly steel-making;
( 8 ) Casting into a good casting.
2 , the method of steel making
There are many methods for steel making, mainly in induction furnace steelmaking, open hearth steelmaking, and electric arc furnace steelmaking.
Electric arc furnaces and induction furnaces commonly used in cast steel workshops. They have looser requirements on raw materials, higher quality of molten steel, and the steelmaking cycle is suitable for the characteristics of cast steel production. It is convenient to open and stop the furnace, and it is easy to coordinate with the progress of the process of molding and boxing. Organize production. In addition, the equipment for electric steelmaking is relatively simple, with less investment, and the infrastructure construction speed and capital recovery are fast.
In recent years, induction furnace steelmaking has gradually developed. Induction furnace steelmaking process is relatively simple, and the quality of molten steel can be guaranteed. Many factories use induction furnace steelmaking to cast small castings, especially in investment casting, and widely use induction furnaces to melt molten steel.
In heavy machinery plants, open hearth steelmaking is still used today. The capacity of open hearth furnaces is generally larger than that of electric furnaces. The steelmaking of open hearth furnaces can produce a large amount of molten steel at one time, which is suitable for pouring large and complex heavy castings. However, the period of the open hearth steelmaking is long, and the time for refining a furnace steel generally takes more than six hours. The open hearth structure is large and complex, the output is low, and the quality of the molten steel is not as good as that of the electric furnace, so its development is greatly limited. In some countries, new open hearths are no longer built.
In recent decades, pure steel top-blown converters have been widely used in the steelmaking industry for steelmaking. This steelmaking method is fast, high in productivity, and the quality of molten steel is also guaranteed. This furnace is more suitable for steel ingot production.
With the development of production and science and technology, new steelmaking methods for DC arc furnaces, vacuum induction furnaces and refining equipment have emerged, and the quality of molten steel has been greatly improved, and the quality of castings has been greatly improved.
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